A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut
teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part in order to transmit
torque, in most cases with teeth on the one gear being of identical shape, and
often also with that shape on the other gear.
Two or more gears
working in tandem are called a transmission and can produce a mechanical
advantage through a gear ratio and thus may be considered a simple machine.
Geared devices can change the speed, torque, and direction of a power source.
The most common situation is for a gear to mesh with another gear; however, a
gear can also mesh with a non-rotating toothed part, called a rack, thereby
producing translation instead of rotation.
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